Cartographica user guide1/8/2024 ![]() Moreover, land cover changes have significant impacts on ecosystem structures and functioning, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, continental and global atmospheric circulation, nutrient and hydrological cycles, biogeo-chemical cycles, as well as biodiversity. For example, the expansion of cropland or urbanization at the cost of forests results in an increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide or urban heat islands. Although these changes enabled the provision of critical material goods or resources (i.e., food, fiber, shelter, and freshwater) for immediate human needs, they have also undermined environmental conditions, ecosystem services, and human welfare in the long run. In the last three centuries, and particularly the past few decades, humans have extensively modified the Earth’s land cover because of continuing population and economic growth. Land cover refers to the biophysical material over the surface of the Earth and immediate sub-surfaces and man-made structures. The future development of GlobeLand30, including comprehensive validation, continuous updating, and monitoring of sustainable development goals, is also discussed. Accordingly, scientific data sharing in the field of geosciences and Earth observation is promoted, and fine-resolution GLC mapping and applications worldwide are stimulated. The significance of GlobeLand30 is demonstrated by a number of published papers dealing with land-cover status and change analysis, cause-and-consequence analysis, and the environmental parameterization of Earth system models. GlobeLand30 has users from more than 120 countries on five continents, and from all five Social Benefit Areas. An average accuracy of 80% for full classes or one single class is achieved by third-party researchers from more than 10 countries through sample-based validation or comparison with existing data. ![]() This paper provides a review of the analysis and applications of GlobeLand30 based on its data-downloading statistics and published studies. GlobeLand30 is widely used by scientists and users around the world. Tide and Current Predictions - U.S.Abstract: GlobeLand30, donated to the United Nations by China in September 2014, is the first wall-to-wall 30 m global land cover (GLC) data product.Sun and Moon Rise and Set Calculators TIDES.Coordinate Conversion (EarthPoint) SUN AND MOON RISE/SET CALCULATORS.Map Scale Calculator - Scale Buddy (Maps International).Map Projections - Interactive Display (.jp).Township and Range - Search by Latitude and Longitude (Earthpoint) MAP PROJECTIONS.Latitude, The Art and Science of Fifteenth Century Navigation (Patricia Seed).Latitude and Longitude Lookup (Lat-Long).Latitude and Longitude - Basic Information (World ).Convert Township/Range/Section to Latitude and Longitude (Marty Wefald).Street Address to Latitute and Longitude () Guide: USGS Symbols 5 Contour Lines, Water Features, Vegatative Features.Guide: USGS Symbols 3 Horizontal and Vertical Control Stations, Elevation Symbols.Guide: USGS Symbols 2 Roads, Railroads, Bridges and Tunnels, Utility Lines.Guide: USGS Symbols 1 Dams, Canals, Buildings, Tanks, Wells, Quarries and Mines, Campsites, Windmills, Water Features.Guide: Scale Values, Geographic Measurement Conversions, Location of Prime Meridians (Internet Archive).Guide: Reading Topographic Maps (USGS/Internet Archive).Guide: Internet Resources for Geographers (CU Boulder).Guide: Global Positioning Systems (CU Boulder).Guide: Finding Your Way With Map and Compass (USGS/Internet Archive). ![]() Geographic Correspondence Engine (MCDC).Cartographic Relief Presentation (Eduard Imhof/Google Books).More Gazetteers (Wikipedia ) GLOSSARIES AND GUIDES.World - National Geographic Map Machine.World - Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.World - GeoNames Search (National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency).Geographic Names Information System (USGS) Central and Eastern Europe (ShtetlSeeker).United States, Canada, Mexico - Driving Distance, Time and Routing (MapQuest).Mexico Distance Calculator (Maps of Mexico).Google Maps Distance Calculator (Daft Logic).Distance Calculator Between Airports ().Canada Distance Guide (United Van Lines).Map Collection Cartographic Reference Resources
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